awk 'pattern {action}' file

• pattern: The condition to match.
• action: The operation to perform when the pattern matches.

Built-in Variables

• $0: Represents the entire current line.
• $1, $2, ...: Represents the first, second, etc., fields in the current line.
• NF: Number of fields in the current record.
• NR: Number of the current record (line number).
• FS: Field separator (default is space or tab).
• OFS: Output field separator.
• RS: Record separator (default is newline).
• ORS: Output record separator.

1. Printing Specific Columns

Use awk to extract specific fields or columns from text files, such as log files or command outputs.

awk '{print $1, $3, $NF}' file.txt

2. Print Lines Where the Last Field Matches a Pattern